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In the field of cosmetic procedures, anesthetics are commonly used and are often needed to reduce pain and discomfort during injectable cosmetic procedures. In addition, anesthesia contributes to more efficient and calm work of the doctor, which has a beneficial effect on the final result. During the anesthesia process, various methods are used, such as infiltration, conduction and application anesthesia. Local anesthetics interfere with the transmission of signals along nerve fibers, which ensures patient comfort during procedures.
The most common drug used for local anesthesia is lidocaine. Allergic reactions to it are rare, but if they occur, they can pose a threat to the patient’s life.
Lidocaine hcl injection is a drug from the group of local anesthetics that is used for pain relief during various medical and cosmetic procedures. Its main purpose is to provide temporary numbness to the area of application on the surface of the skin. This occurs by blocking the transmission of nerve impulses, which creates a sensation of loss of sensitivity in the corresponding area of the body.
When using lidocaine for injection, there are the following contraindications: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug or other amide local anesthetics, a history of epileptic seizures, severe bradycardia, severe hypotension, cardiogenic shock, severe forms of chronic heart failure (second and third degree), sinus syndrome, syndrome Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, Adams-Stokes syndrome, second and third degree atrioventricular block, fluid deficiency, severe liver/kidney dysfunction, porphyria, myasthenia gravis and retrobulbar administration in patients with glaucoma.
The lidocaine hcl is used by injection (subcutaneously, intramuscularly) and topically on the mucous membranes. Intravascular administration of the drug should be avoided. Before using the drug, it is recommended to conduct a skin test to determine sensitivity to lidocaine, which is manifested by swelling and redness at the injection site.
For terminal anesthesia of mucous membranes in adults, the drug is used in a dosage of lidocaine up to 2 mg/kg, the duration of anesthesia is from 15 to 30 minutes. The maximum dose of the drug for adults is 20 ml.
For conduction anesthesia (including anesthesia of the brachial and sacral plexuses), 5-10 ml (100-200 mg) of the drug is administered, and for anesthesia of the fingers, nose and ears – 2-3 ml (40-60 mg) of the drug. The maximum dose of the drug for adults is 10 ml (200 mg).
In ophthalmology, the drug is administered 2 drops into the conjunctival sac 2-3 times with an interval of 30-60 seconds immediately before the study or operation.
For children over 12 years of age, for all types of local anesthesia, the total dose of lidocaine should not exceed 3 mg/kg body weight.
For all types of injection anesthesia, a combination of lidocaine with adrenaline is possible (1:50,000, 1:100,000 is prepared ex tempore, 1 drop of 0.1% adrenaline solution is added to 5-10 ml of a 2% lidocaine solution), except in cases where systemic the effect of adrenaline is undesirable – in case of hypersensitivity to adrenaline, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, glaucoma or the need for a short-term anesthetic effect. Adrenaline slows down the absorption of lidocaine, prolonging its effect.
Side effects include central nervous system stimulation (when used in large doses), anxiety, headache, dizziness, sleep disturbance, brain fog, drowsiness, loss of consciousness, coma, sensory disturbances, numbness of the tongue and lips (when used in dentistry), motor block in patients with hypersensitivity – euphoria, tremors, tingling, convulsions.
