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Infertility is a common issue in today’s world. As per a 15 September 2020 report of the World Health Organisation, the world has around 48 million couples or 186 million individuals with fertility problems. According to an IVF doctor in Delhi, approximately one-third of infertility cases are due to female reproductive health problems, one-third due to male, and the rest is unknown. Here, look at what causes fertility problems in women:
1. Ovulation disorders
A female has ovulation disorders when her eggs do not mature in her ovaries or her ovaries have issues in releasing an egg. Medical experts call it premature ovarian failure. Ovulation disorders are very common among infertile women. When it occurs, you might experience:
- Unusual light to heavy menstrual bleeding
- Irregular or no periods
- Lack of premenstrual signs such as breast tenderness or bloating
2. Endometriosis
Endometriosis is a reproductive health issue. It occurs to you when your uterus lining tissue grows outside of the uterus. It can happen in the pelvis, abdomen, or one of the fallopian tubes. On its occurrence, you can notice:
- General pelvic pain
- Painful periods
- Pain during vaginal sex or physical intimacy
- Heavy bleeding
- Unusual spotting
3. Blocked or damaged fallopian tubes
Any blockage or damage in the fallopian tubes can prevent your male partner’s sperm from meeting with your egg. And it can stop the fertilised egg from getting into the uterus. Sperm meeting with egg and transportation of the fertilised egg is crucial for you to conceive or move head on your family expansion plan.
You can have a damage or blockage in your fallopian tubes due to sexually transmitted infections, pelvic inflammatory diseases, and perious sterile surgeries. There is no possible symptom of tubal blockage or damage. You can know it only by screening at a doctor’s recommendation.
4. Poor egg quality
A female has around 1 million eggs at her birth. With her age, the number of eggs in her ovary goes down. At her puberty age, the female has only 300 000 eggs. And a female ovulates only 300 to 400 eggs during her reproductive period in her life. After the age of 35, the quantity and quality of eggs is not enough to make her pregnant. You usually have no sign of having poor eggs. A delay in your pregnancy can indicate it if there are no other fertility problems.
5. PCOS (Polycystic ovarian syndrome)
In this reproductive health condition, small follicles do not grow well and become mature inside the ovaries. Maturation of follicles is crucial for egg release. Experts categorise it as unpredictable ovulation patterns or hormone imbalances. Due to the occurrence of PCOS, you can experience:
- Excessive hair growth at unwanted body parts
- Acne
- Irregular periods
- Obesity
6. Unexplained infertility
It is a reproductive health issue or fertility problem when there is no clear reason for your infertility. In such a condition, all your fertility tests are normal. Some experts state that subtle differences in the function of the reproductive system may cause it. The differences could be:
- Sperm function
- Fertilisation process
- Follicle development
In addition, experts believe that lifestyle factors such as too much caffeine intake, smoking, and underweight/overweight might cause unexplained infertility.
What are the possible solutions if you have any one of these causes?
Usually, most of you are not aware of all these reproductive health issues. You come to know them while educating yourself before making your pregnancy plan or interacting with a doctor after facing conception issues. After going through the test results, your doctor can advise the most suitable treatment options for you. Some suitable treatment options for each of these causes are as follows:
- Ovulation disorders – bodyweight management, fertility drugs, and IVF (in vitro fertilisation)
- Endometriosis – fertility drugs, surgery to remove tissues, and IVF
- Poor egg quality – fertility drugs and IVF using your own egg or a donor egg
- PCOS – balanced & healthy diet, exercises, fertility drugs, and IVF
- Tubal blockage or damage – surgery to remove the blockage or correct the damage
- Unexplained infertility – fertility drugs and IVF
Conclusion
Females have infertility due to several reasons such as PCOS, blocked/damaged tubes, poor egg, endometriosis, age, and ovarian disorders. Having an idea about the common female fertility problems with possible solutions can facilitate you make a quick decision in your family expansion plan. Consultation with a doctor is crucial.
